parenting

The scoop on poop…Could your kid be constipated??

/ Katie P. Tolley, RN, MSN, CPNP-PC / 2 Comments

From infants to teenagers, constipation seems to be a problem for so many kids! I had a visit with a 9 year old and her mom about her stomach pain related to constipation problems. As soon as I left the room I realized that Dr. M was seeing a 2 month old for ongoing constipation issues. Then, at the end of the day, Dr. T’s first call of the evening came in before we ever left the office, and it was about a 3 month old with constipation problems. So, you see, this is a daily problem in pediatrics. Anyone that works in pediatrics will tell you that we talk about poop everyday, sometimes all day. Inadequate nutritional intake and hydration is usually the problem. 

In my house, my kids are 2 for 2 on this topic. Drew Elizabeth has been as regular as clockwork until just a few months ago. I’m sure most of you remember my Paranoid Mom post about Drew Elizabeth’s chest pain. She has never had a problem in the past, but in the past few months she hasn’t been eating her veggies as she should, and as she used to for the past 5 years. Kids…I can’t always explain why they do the things they do… I usually have more problems with my own than with yours! 😉

My poor Joshua has had constipation problems since he was an infant.  Joshua is the child that taught me all about children’s constipation. Well, Joshua and a PNP GI specialist ;-)!  Joshua eats an apple almost everyday. He loves apple slices with cinnamon; I highly recommend this, it’s great for the bowels.  Even with adequate fruits and veggies, Josh still doesn’t drink enough water (hence, the importance of hydration) to keep himself regular.

Most kids do not eat enough fruits and vegetables. For proper nutrition information, you can check out Let Them Eat Cake…For Breakfast??  Not only do most kids need to eat more fruits and veggies, they need to drink more water. Yes, I’ve tried to cover that too, you can read more about hydration in The Importance of Hydration. If adequate amounts of fiber and hydration don’t help your child with their constipation problems, I would recommend an evaluation with your child’s medical provider. Ongoing constipation can cause the large colon to expand and cause nerve damage and leaky gut and multiple other systemic problems that don’t even seem related to the bowels, but they are. Our immune system is centered in our gut, a healthy gut really matters.

By definition, constipation is having 3 or fewer bowel movements in a week that are hard, dry, and usually hurt.

A few facts about constipation:

  • When kids are constipated, they usually eat less.
  • When kids are constipated, they will usually have stomach pain, and usually on the lower left side.
  • When kids are constipated, they may have nausea and vomiting.
  • When kids are constipated, they may have more urinary incontinence (accidents), urinary frequency, and bedwetting.

So, what can you do to help your child with constipation? 

  • High fiber foods: fruits and vegetables (the crunchier, the better), beans, fresh popcorn, baked potato w/skin, berries, oatmeal. (The one fruit to avoid with constipation is bananas, they can make stools harder.)
  • Drink more water!!
  • Decrease processed foods, like carbohydrates made with white and wheat flour.
  • Getting normal exercise can help with bowel movements also.
  • Do not rush potty time. Children will often not take the time that they need to sit and eliminate their bowels.
  • Infants will frequently have temporary constipation problems when they are transitioning to new foods such as cereal, or  from breastfeeding to formula feeding. Do not give cereal under 4 months unless instructed by a medical provider.
  • In infants, try a couple ounces of 100% apple or pear juice, if this doesn’t work, you can try prune juice. Baby juice does not need to be diluted, adult juice should be diluted with half water.
  • Abdominal massage. I recommend abdominal massage to all the infants I work with that have constipation issues as a first line treatment! Massaging clockwise around the belly button and then doing the I Love You massage can work wonders for infants. With the I Love You massage, start with a few strokes of the I (left of belly button), then the L is upside down (above and to the left of the belly button), and then the U (around the belly button). This helps massage the large bowel, and can be quite helpful. Be sure to use mineral oil and apply a moderate amount of pressure. Most babies will enjoy this once they start to relax.
I hope you found some of this information helpful! Constipation can definitely make this parenting  journey a little painful for you and your child!
The ‘I Love You’ massage works! Ask the massage therapist that taught me about it when Joshua was an infant. 😉

Small Dose #6 – Medication Conversions

/ Katie P. Tolley, RN, MSN, CPNP-PC / Leave a comment

I felt it was necessary to provide a resource of medication conversions based on my last post about Medication Safety. Children depend on their parents to keep them safe and healthy. Don’t let them down!

1/4 tsp = 1.25cc

1/2 tsp = 2.5 cc

3/4 tsp = 3.75 cc

1 tsp = 5 cc

1 tbsp = 15 cc

1 oz = 30cc

cc = ml (same thing, different label)

I urge you to take the administration of medication very seriously, your child’s life depends on it! Do not give medications frequently unless advised by your child’s health care provider.

There is just so much to learn and be responsible for on this Parenting journey! It really does take a village! 😉

Small Dose #5 – Don’t just say it, live it!!

/ Katie P. Tolley, RN, MSN, CPNP-PC / 4 Comments

Be an example for your children!

Children watch and learn from the adults in their life.

Do not judge other’s for their differences, but embrace what makes us all unique! 

SMILE!

Be kind to others, and teach your children to treat others the way they want to be treated!

Say “Hello” to passersby.

Encourage your children to help those in need.

We all need to come together in our own community to make it a better place for our children’s future.

Volunteer in your community and encourage your children to do the same!

SPENDING TIME with your child is the MOST VALUABLE thing you can do for them,

and the one thing they WANT and NEED most in this world!

Don’t just say it, live it! 


Paranoid Mom…. It happens to the best of us!

/ Katie P. Tolley, RN, MSN, CPNP-PC / 7 Comments

Hi all! After the morning I had, I just had to share this one…. It’s alright to be a “Paranoid Mom” because the well being of your children is a HUGE responsibility! I thought you all would enjoy knowing that I can be that Paranoid Mom too! 😉

Drew Elizabeth told me last night that her chest hurt. Ok, no big deal, I was convinced that she just needed to burp, toot, poop, or all of the above. Very frequently children will have chest pain that is referred gas pains. She has complained of her chest hurting 2 or 3 times in the last month or so, but she also hasn’t been eating her veggies as well as she used to. She has decided after eating her veggies for the past 5 years that she just doesn’t like them anymore. She doesn’t get away with it, and I make her eat a little. Not getting enough fiber can certainly decrease the frequency of bowel movements and the consistency of said movements. She is displaying her independence, and this is something she can control. No biggie.

When she didn’t even want the ice cream I had taken her to get, I was a little more concerned, but still thought she probably needed to go sit on the potty for a few minutes. I decided I would grab my stethoscope and take a listen to make her feel better. She will tell me she needs me to take care of her like I take care of the sick kids at work, so I didn’t want to deny her. Well, I took a listen……

I think I have mentioned before that we shouldn’t go looking for problems, because we may not be prepared to deal with what we find. Much to my surprise, I found that my daughter’s heart sounded like it was skipping a beat. Naaa, I must be hearing things, or it is just fluctuating because of her breathing, or something….. It is not unusual for heart rate to slow or increase on inhalation and exhalation. I listened a little longer…..Yep, there was definitely a skipped beat every 3rd or 4th or even 8th beat!! WTH?!? Interestingly enough, I have a cardiac history, and both of my children have had an EKG (electrocardiogram) because of it, and they were perfectly fine! Drew has even had an echocardiogram because she had a benign (innocent) murmur when she was 1 year old. So, here I am listening to my 5 year old, and her heart is skipping a beat! Yes, I looked quite calm on the outside, but the inside kept thinking, “What the He!! is going on???” I am fortunate enough to be able to call my colleagues that are close by. The PA I used to work with lives one mile down the road, and our Pediatrician (that I used to work with) lives a mile away in the other direction. I knew I could take her to either of them for a second opinion. No, I am not my kids Pediatric provider, I am their Mom! As soon as something is abnormal with either of them, I second guess my assessment skills and diagnostic skills. It is unusual for a child to have chest pain that is cardiac related, actually only 4% of pediatric chest pain is cardiac.

I broke down and called our Ped, Dr. Denise. She is awesome!! I can call her anytime for anything! She is a wealth of information, like an encyclopedia of pediatrics. Denise gave me some advice, we didn’t think the pain was cardiac related, as I first assumed, but we concluded that Drew needed an EKG first thing in the morning, but she was probably alright. BTW- she pooped and tooted and the pains went away, but the skipped beat was still there. So, my plan was to take her to the office in the am, get her evaluated, and they would say, “Oh, Katie, you were over reacting, we don’t hear anything.” Well, that was my plan, I was ready to be the crazy paranoid mom! No problem, it was my lack of skill, not her heart! I was good with that!

Well, I went to the office, told them I needed an EKG and we got started.  I love my kids pediatric office, they are the best! I worked there for almost 8 years before I was a PNP. My friend, T.,RN did her vital signs and asked what was going on. I said to just listen to her heart and tell me what you think. I watched her listen and start counting Drew’s heart rate, she nodded as she counted, 1, 2, 3…1, 2, 3… T looked at me with big eyes and a strange face… I said, “So, you hear it too?” She did! Oh, $#!+! I didn’t want her to hear it, I would rather be crazy! So, we finished vital sign, height, weight, and I waited for Karen, my friend the PA. Karen is a great PA! I adore her and we take our kids back and forth the mile between each others houses when we need a second opinion after diagnosing our own children. Drew really likes Karen, and did whatever Karen asked. So, Karen listens….. She looks at me, and nods her head! Dammit!! I wanted her to tell me she didn’t her it! But, of course she did.

My girl with all of her EKG wires attached! She ROCKS!

Well, this started the procedure for the 1st of 2 EKGs and 60 second rhythm strip (which recorded and showed her heart beat for a full minute). The first EKG was at the office, and then Karen sent us to the Diagnostic Center for a repeat EKG and the rhythm strip. Drew was so good during all of this! My sweet girl, this was going to have to be OK, I couldn’t deal with anything being seriously wrong with my girl’s heart! I’m sure you all know exactly how I felt! During the 2nd EKG and strip, the tech looked at me and said, “I know exactly what you are looking at, it’s right here and here and here…” OK, now my heart rate was up a little, too many people are confirming that I am not crazy, I REALLY PREFERRED CRAZY at this point!! I looked at the results, normal QRS, that’s reassuring, each individual beat had the proper electrophysiology, the conduction controlling her heart beat was doing it’s job, there was nothing abnormal about how the heart was beating, but there were obvious pauses between some of the beats.

So, as soon as I left, I called Denise (she was home because she had been on call all weekend). She said this is probably ok, we talked about the details, and she told me what she thought we should do. I called Karen back at the office, and Karen put a call in to “The BEST” Pediatric Cardiologist in the the Mid-Atlantic region. I am so grateful to have friends that take care of my kids, and know how to get answers, and get answers from the Experts! Dr. Ruckman of Children’s National Medical Center is one of the BEST in the nation! Karen spoke to him 2 times before lunch and called me.  Dr. Ruckman confirmed without a shadow of a doubt that this was a “normal abnormality” in children Drew’s age.

 HALLELUJAH,  HALLELUJAH…..HALLELUJAH, HALLELUJAH, HHHHAAAAALLELUUUU-JAHHHH!!!!

I could hear the angels singing in the background with me! THANK YOU, GOD! 🙂

I know this is a pretty personal post, and rather specific situation that I hope NONE of you ever face. What are the odds of listening to your daughter’s heart, just to make her feel better, because you are convinced she just needs to poop, burp, or toot, and there is an abnormal heart rate…. Hopefully, never! Drew was a trooper and got 3-4 lollipops during the whole ordeal, and even a chocolate donut on the way to school. As for me, I went on to work, and had a normal busy afternoon. I was happy with normal, busy! 🙂 

I can do without another day like this morning for the rest of my life! I know it won’t be that easy, something else will come up that makes me worry about my kids, and I pray that it will turn out just fine.  I thought it would be nice to share so that you know even the professionals get a little worried every now and then! Today was one of the days on this journey that I could have lived without! I am thrilled that at the end of the day everyone is happy, healthy, and Drew has no idea of the stress that was going on inside her mother for a few hours as I waited to be sure she was ok.

So, today, I enjoyed the journey a little less than some days; but all in all, “It is a wonderful life!” 😉

“Spring Forward” without meltdowns…. Help your child adjust to the Time Change

/ Katie P. Tolley, RN, MSN, CPNP-PC / 5 Comments

If you have a baby or small child, it maybe painfully obvious that they don’t tell time! 

So, How can you help your little one adjust to the time change? 

Children have a difficult time changing schedules, especially by an entire hour. When babies in the hospital need schedule changes, the change is made in small time increments.

Try to change your child’s schedule by 15 minutes at a time each day.

For example, if dinner is usually at 6:00, keep in mind 6:00 is now 7:00. Waiting an extra hour for food is way too long for a little one. I’m sure I don’t have to tell you how quickly a hungry or tired child can have a meltdown. 😉 You could have dinner at 5:15 the first day, 5:30 the second day, 5:45 the third day, and by the fourth day, dinner is at 6:00 again. If you have the opportunity, spend a few days at each new time before moving on. Keep in mind, bedtime is now an hour later, which means they may wake an hour earlier than you plan if you don’t help them adjust. It may be that your child is off schedule enough that it is more difficult to wake them in the morning, small changes can help. If you have little ones that don’t go to school, this is much easier. If you have a little one that has to get up and go to school or daycare, you may have more of a challenge. If you need to be back on schedule by Monday (only 2 days away), you can force the change a little quicker by changing things by 30 minutes vs 15 minutes. It will not be as smooth of an adjustment, but it should be helpful.

Filling the time before meals with small healthy snacks such as fruit or veggies to help hold them over until the new dinnertime can be helpful too.

I learned early along my parenting journey that the time change can wreak havoc on a child with a good schedule. Good parenting involves schedules, so most kids will have some adjustment to make.  I hope this info makes “Springing forward” easier for your family! Good luck and I hope you are Enjoying the Journey! 🙂

Springtime & Sneezes…You might have allergies if…

/ Katie P. Tolley, RN, MSN, CPNP-PC / 8 Comments

AAAACCHHOOOO! Excuse me! We’re having a little problem with allergies already this spring, how about you?!? It’s Springtime and allergies are in full flare! I love Spring, it is my favorite season! The grass is so green, the flowers are so pretty and brilliant, the birdies are singing, the air is warming up, what’s not to like? Well, ok, yes, the pollen and allergens that travel up our nose as we begin to venture back outside.

Can you recognize the symptoms??? Some patients tell me they don’t have allergies,  they just have a cough.

  •  Well, if that cough is nagging you mostly at night and when you wake in the morning, you might have allergies.
  • If you wake up and have to clear your throat or blow your nose, you might have allergies.
  • If your child is coughing when they first wake up, it sounds a little wet, or a little hoarse, but then goes away in 30-45 minutes or so, they might have allergies.
  • If you sneeze, you might have allergies.  
  • If you have a sore, scratchy throat, but no fever, you might have allergies. (It is always a good idea to have a sore throat check out with your doctor or NP, if it’s strep, it has to be treated.)
  • If you have a clear runny nose that doesn’t get worse and doesn’t go away, you might have allergies.
  • If you have itchy, watery eyes, you might have allergies. 
  • If your child has asthma and is wheezing, it may be worsened by allergies.

There are many people that don’t think they have allergies, but they might…. ;-). Keep in mind that if you notice these symptoms year round, your allergies may be indoor and outdoor. The best way to determine if you have allergies is to see your primary care provide or an allergist. My allergy doc and his RN/Allergy Specialist wife, are a great resource for me! If you are local, email me and I will give you their contact info. They would be happy to help!

So, what can you do about your allergies so that you can enjoy the great outdoors???

  • If you don’t typically suffer from allergy problems, a netty pot can be a great way to help clean out those sinuses. I have friends that swear by their nasal rinses! You will want to microwave or boil the water before using the netti pot…of course, you should allow it to cool to room temperature before doing the rinse. 
  • Taking an antihistamine such as Claritin or Zyrtec can be helpful. I usually recommend Allegra if these first 2 aren’t helpful.
  • Nasal sprays such as Flonase or Nasonex can be quite helpful. They help to reduce the swelling and secretions caused by allergens.
  • Nasal sprays and oral medications can be a good combination therapy. If you’ve tried this without relief, I recommend seeing an allergist.
  • Eye drops such as Zatidor or Pataday can be helpful as well. Check with your health care provider to be sure this is the appropriate treatment for your family.
  • Wash your hair every night!! As we go though the day, all kinds of allergens sit on our hair. If we don’t wash them off, they are on the pillow. Laying on a pillow full of allergens all night is just as bad or even worse than being outside.
  • Keep your windows closed! The first thing I want to do when the weather warms up is open the windows. My husband runs behind me closing them all up again because he and Joshua have bad allergies. Keeping the windows closed keeps the allergens out!
  • Get rid of carpet and heavy drapes that hold dust and allergens. Hard floors and blinds are much easier to keep clean.
  • Buy hypoallergenic pillow and mattress covers. I am not even going to mention all the allergens (dust mites,etc) that can be trapped in pillows.
  • When you are cleaning the house, wet dust and wet mop. Sweeping and dry dusting just moves the dust around. Investing in a vacuum with a good HEPA filter to trap the allergens can be helpful also. Many vacuums just blow the dust right back out.
  • Immunotherapy: Allergy shots provide small exposure to specific allergens to help the immune system build up antibodies against the allergen. Immunotherapy works!
  • Don’t forget that Hydration can be helpful! If you learn nothing else from me, you will learn the importance of hydration (see The Importance of Hydration for more info on adequate hydration)
  • Treating allergies can be tricky, don’t try to do it all by yourself.

Please keep in mind that untreated allergies can cause increased problems for those with asthma and eczema. I see so many kids with eczema problems that are not on allergy medication, allergy medication may be key in controlling the eczema symptoms.

The secretions that come from inflamed nasal and sinus tissue can cause ear infections, sinus infections, and headaches. I have found that most people that suffer from allergies are allergic to grass and dust mites. So inside and outside, there is always exposure. These people should be on allergy medication year round.

There are a many different foods that cause allergies as well. Many people suffer from food sensitivities vs. food allergies. I suffered from occasional stomach pain and Irritable Bowel Symptoms all my life, and finally found that I have food sensitives.  Food sensitives can present as stomach pain, bloating, vomiting, dry skin, eczema and other allergy symptoms.  Allergy testing, diagnosis, and treatment can be tricky. Just because the test is negative doesn’t mean you don’t have a sensitivity to that substance. I’ve talked to Kathy, RN my best allergy source at the office and we both agree that an negative allergy panel is not conclusive; there is no way to test for the millions of substances that are floating around in this world.

Well, I hope I’ve given you enough info to help you through the Spring. I talk more about food allergies and concomitant allergies in another post, Don’t eat that egg…You’re allergic to Ragweed.  Concomitant allergies are foods that will make allergies worse. One example is avoiding apples during the season when oak trees are blooming. Another is avoiding milk, egg, and mint if you have a ragweed allergy. So, as you can see, allergy testing can be helpful!

I think it’s time end this post and go wash my face and hands… My cat came and sat down next to me about 10 minutes ago, which usually doesn’t bother me, but I was petting him for a few minutes, and apparently touched my face, and now my eyes are all itchy and watering…. Still love my Jersey cat though! He’s a big, beautiful, black tom cat that will be 17 next month. He’s a sweety! Glad I didn’t know I had a cat allergy before I got him. Although, I had a sneaky suspicion when I got my Persian back in college and needed my inhaler every couple hours to breathe comfortably the first few days.  After I got used to her, things got better, I should have known then. I guess I did, but I love cats, and denial is a powerful defense mechanism! 😉

Please let me know if you have more questions about allergies, and I will do my best to help you Enjoy your parenting journey!

Field Trip without Mommy….Fun for him, nail biting for me!

/ Katie P. Tolley, RN, MSN, CPNP-PC / Leave a comment

“Making the decision to have a child is momentous. 

It is to decide forever to have your heart go walking around outside your body.”    -Elizabeth Stone

Well, this quote describes what it is like to send your child on a field trip without you! That is my day today.  Joshua is on a field trip to the Kennedy Center to see the Symphony, very cool!  I wish I could have gone, but space was limited. This is the first field trip he has been on in 10 years that takes him out of our community without his father or myself.  I have already had my little talk with ‘The Man’ upstairs!! 😉 I know Josh will be fine, but it still makes me anxious to have my child 90 miles away, and I have no control over what happens to him.  I mean, what if there is a natural disaster or something… I know the odds are that he is going to be fine, and there will be no natural disaster, but, it still makes me a little anxious! If you have children that are school age or older, I’m sure you know what I mean. I remember when Josh first started preschool, I wanted to know what he did and didn’t eat and when he did or didn’t go to the bathroom. It’s just a Mom thing!

When I first started my Nurse Practitioner program, I had to go to Stonybrook, NY for a 3 day orientation.  Of course, this was when Joshua’s kindergarten class went on a field trip and I was going to miss it. Not only was I going to be 4 states away, but Josh would be in the city without me or his father… Well, at 6 years old, it just wasn’t going to happen! I made my husband take off and go with him. It wasn’t that hard to convince him, but my husband is a dedicated worker, and takes off very infrequently. They went up to Port Discovery and had a blast, Daddy included!! He had an interesting day keeping up with the kindergartners, to say the least. 😉

So, today, I sit thinking of all the things that could happen….even though I know they will be fine… right?? But, what about all the stories you hear on the news of bus accidents that involve school children…It Can Happen! I know that is out of my control. I just have to believe that they will come home safe and sound as planned. Joshua’s school hires a professional bus from a very reputable company, I have to trust that the drivers are more than qualified. I actually went on the bus to meet the driver, that made me feel a little better.  I know you can’t judge a book by it’s cover, but this man didn’t look like a mass murderer, drunk, druggie, or someone that would be texting while driving. I hope I am right!

The one thing I can control is how well my child is prepared without me around.

  • Joshua knows he has to stay with a responsible adult.
  • He knows that he has to use his manners.
  • We have explained to our children they need to go to a predetermined “safe spot” if they get lost. He knows not to wander off, he could be lost forever. (Yes, I’ve threatened my kids with that, terrifying maybe, but it works!!)
  • We have tried to teach our children to be aware of their surroundings, and to know what to do in case something goes wrong.

Preparing children to maneuver in the world is one of the many important lessons we need to teach along this important journey called parenthood!!

I am certain that Joshua will come home this evening safe and sound, and tell me all about the symphony and how awesome it was! Well, that might be wishful thinking, he usually has very short answers. Most of the questions I ask get answered with one word, “Good.” Regardless of the question, Joshua’s go to answer is always “Good!”  Tell me what it was like Josh? “Good”…Did you have fun? “Yes, it was good.”… Did you learn anything? “It was good.” I’ve learned from other mom’s that it is a boy thing.  If you ask a girl, she will give you a dissertation about the entire day. Funny how when we want him to be quiet, he talks and talks and talks…. 😉 Regardless of what he tells me about his day, he will have no idea of the worry he has put his poor mother through, but that is the oblivious beauty of childhood!

I know I’m not the first or last mom that has had a day of nail biting waiting for their precious child to return home from a field trip. Do you have any helpful hints for keeping children safe while on a field trip without Mom or Dad?? I’d love the hear and be able to share with other anxious parents.

What a responsible journey this parenthood thing is, huh?? Fun though!! 🙂

Small Dose #4- Speak up!!

/ Katie P. Tolley, RN, MSN, CPNP-PC / Leave a comment

 If you observe children teasing or bullying, speak up…. kids depend on adults to help them and protect them. Bullying can severely impact a child’s self esteem. Teach your child to be kind to others, and expect the same in return! Tell your children to report bullying to you or another trusted adult. It’s going to take adult interference to stop bullying! So, while on this journey we call parenthood SPEAK UP & INTERFERE!!

There is no such thing as INNOCENT VIOLENCE!

/ Katie P. Tolley, RN, MSN, CPNP-PC / Leave a comment

After seeing today’s news about yet ANOTHER high school shooting, I felt compelled to share some information on children and violence.  The future of our children and the society we are creating weighs heavily on my mind.

Children that do not get the needed love, support and guidance during the first few years of life will constantly be seeking attention for the remainder of their life. This can lead to many issues for the child, as they do whatever it takes (good or bad) to feel valued. This feeling of worthlessness leads to inappropriate and high-risk behavior (see below).

I found some information online at the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry that I wanted to share. This is serious stuff, so I’m not going to have any funny jokes or stories today, just feel the need to share some info….

The following information is copied directly from www.aacap.org:

1. “Hundreds of studies of the effects of TV violence on children and teenagers have found that children may:

Children with emotional, behavioral, learning or impulse control problems may be more easily influenced by TV violence.”
(if you click on the above writing in red, you can view the website directly)
2. “Factors Which Increase Risk of Violent Behavior: Numerous research studies have concluded that a complex interaction or combination of factors leads to an increased risk of violent behavior in children and adolescents.  These factors include:
  • Previous aggressive or violent behavior
  • Being the victim of physical abuse and/or sexual abuse
  • Exposure to violence in the home and/or community
  • Genetic (family heredity) factors
  • Exposure to violence in media (TV, movies, etc.)
  • Use of drugs and/or alcohol
  • Presence of firearms in home
  • Combination of stressful family socioeconomic factors (poverty, severe deprivation,    marital breakup, single parenting, unemployment, loss of support from extended family)
  • Brain damage from head injury”

3. “What are the “warning signs” for violent behavior in children? Children who have several risk factors and show the following behaviors should be carefully evaluated:

  • Intense anger
  • Frequent loss of temper or blow-ups
  • Extreme irritability
  • Extreme impulsiveness
  • Becoming easily frustrated

Parents and teachers should be careful not to minimize these behaviors in children.”

4. “Can anything prevent violent behavior in children?

Research studies have shown that much violent behavior can be decreased or even prevented if the above risk factors are significantly reduced or eliminated.  Most importantly, efforts should be directed at dramatically decreasing the exposure of children and adolescents to violence in the home, community, and through the media.  Clearly, violence leads to violence.  In addition, the following strategies can lessen or prevent violent behavior:

  • Prevention of child abuse (use of programs such as parent training, family support programs, etc.)
  • Sex education and parenting programs for adolescents
  • Early intervention programs for violent youngsters
  • Monitoring child’s viewing of violence on TV/videos/movie”
Pretty heavy info, I know, but so important to share. The well being of our children and the future of our society are at risk.  The one thing we can do to make a difference is try our best to raise mentally and emotionally healthy children.  What a difficult, but important journey we are on friends! I hope some of my advice helps you along your journey!

Small Dose #3 – Sleep

/ Katie P. Tolley, RN, MSN, CPNP-PC / 1 Comment

Sleep is a vital need for good health! Make sure your kids have a good bedtime routine.  If your child wakes up tired, they are not getting enough sleep.  If your child wakes up ready to take on the world, sounds like the zzzzz’s were enough. A child that doesn’t get enough sleep is not able to function at their best potential.  Children that do not get enough sleep will exhibit symptoms similar to ADHD; they may have trouble paying attention and retaining important information. More info in a future post on the importance of sleep! Thanks for joining me on this amazing journey called parenthood!! 😉